How to install solid wood flooring?

Installing solid wood flooring requires careful preparation and the right technique to ensure a long-lasting, professional finish. Unlike some other flooring types, solid wood must be securely fixed to the subfloor using either nail-down or glue-down methods, and it’s not suitable for floating installations.

Here’s a step-by-step overview of how to install solid wood flooring:

1. Acclimatise the Flooring
Begin by placing the wood flooring in the room where it will be installed for at least 5 to 7 days. This allows the boards to adjust to the room’s temperature and humidity, reducing the risk of warping or gaps later on.

2. Prepare the Subfloor
The subfloor must be clean, dry, level, and structurally sound. For timber subfloors, a nail-down method is suitable. For concrete or screeded bases, a glue-down method with a flexible adhesive is often the best choice.

3. Plan the Layout
Decide on the direction of the planks—most people lay boards parallel to the longest wall or towards the main light source to enhance the look of the room. Dry-lay a few rows first to check for pattern variation and ensure a natural-looking spread of colours and grain.

4. Install Using Tongue & Groove System
Solid wood boards come with a tongue & groove edge profile. Each board slots neatly into the next for a snug fit. When nailing, use a flooring nailer through the tongue at a 45° angle into timber battens or joists. When gluing, apply adhesive evenly across the subfloor and lay each board carefully.

5. Allow for Expansion Gaps
Wood naturally expands and contracts with changes in temperature and humidity. Leave a 10–15mm expansion gap around the perimeter of the room, which can be covered with skirting or beading later.

6. Finishing Touches
Once all boards are laid, add trims or scotia to cover expansion gaps. Allow glue to cure fully before walking on the floor. If using an unfinished product, sanding and finishing may follow, though most solid wood flooring now comes pre-finished in styles like brushed & oiled, lacquered, or handscraped.

Pro Tip: For best results and a warranty-safe installation, consider hiring a professional—especially if the floor is a premium product like oak or walnut.